The sixty-third issue of the Arab Economic Bulletin includes five pivotal studies in Arabic. They address pivotal issues of Arab development in light of the historical transformations the Arab region is undergoing and the challenges it faces to pave the way for reform and enhancing economic efficiency. This will enable the Arab economy to join the ranks of developing countries that have created an influential position for themselves in the global economy.

The first study was titled: “Climate change is redrawing the map of global trade... are the arteries of strategic supply chains under threat?!” Through this study, we will shed light on the reality of the global experience, to clarify how human impacts on waterways can contribute to the global climate crisis. Human interventions have accelerated the rate of decomposition of organic matter in rivers and streams on a global scale, which could threaten biodiversity in waterways around the world and increase the amount of carbon in the Earth's atmosphere, thus exacerbating the climate change crisis.

The second study was titled: “Energy Geography - Morocco: A Pioneering Model in the Field of Energy and Renewable Energy.” In an era of accelerating environmental changes and economic challenges, energy geography emerges as a vital topic that concerns scientists and decision-makers alike. Energy is the backbone of any economy and the main driver of sustainable development in societies around the world. This article aims to explore the definition and types of energy, pointing out the differences between traditional sources such as coal and oil, and renewable sources such as solar and wind energy, with a focus on how these sources affect the global energy map.

We will then turn to look at the geography of energy at the global level, reviewing how the main energy sources are distributed and the extent to which geopolitics influences patterns of energy consumption and production. Finally, we will conclude by studying the geography of energy in Morocco, and how it was able to draw the features of an energy strategy that promises sustainability and efficiency, taking advantage of its distinguished geographical location and available natural resources.

The third study was entitled: “Geography of Services - The Moroccan Model: Challenges and Future Opportunities.” In a world of accelerating change, the role of services in shaping countries’ economies and determining their path towards progress and prosperity is increasing. Tangible goods are no longer the main driver of growth, but services, in all their diversity and uniqueness, have become the heart of modern economies. Therefore, “service geography” has emerged as an important branch of economic geography, aiming to study the distribution, organization, and development of service activities in different parts of the world.

This study highlights “service geography,” an important field of economic geography that studies the distribution of services around the world, their spatial characteristics, and their impact on regional development and planning. In the first section, we will define the concept of services, discuss their general characteristics, and provide an overview of their distribution around the world, focusing on the factors influencing this distribution. In the second section, we will focus on the geography of services in Morocco, analyzing the distribution and diversity of services across the country, and discussing the challenges and opportunities facing this vital sector. This study aims to better understand the role of services in the economy and society, study the factors that shape their spatial distribution, and highlight the importance of the geography of services in regional planning and sustainable development.

The fourth study was titled: “Human Economics: The Effects of Wars and Disasters on Economic Security in the Arab World.” At a time when humanity today faces a major challenge, which is how to use current political systems to manage the difficult and complex relations between the global economy and ensuring economic security within countries. If a sustainable global economy and individual human economic security are not reconciled, none of us will have the future we desire. Therefore, in this study, we raise the importance of human economies and economic security and the importance of achieving it in the Arab world, in addition to the crises that Arab countries have experienced, such as wars and natural disasters and presenting strategies to enhance economic security in light of these crises.

The fifth study, entitled “Global Economic Outlook Update: The Global Economy in Trouble,” sheds light on the reality of the global economy, as expectations indicate that global growth will be consistent with the predictions of the April 2024 issue of the World Economic Outlook report, reaching 3.2 percent in 2024 and 3.3 percent in 2025. However, the uneven momentum of activity at the beginning of the year played a role in limiting the divergence of levels from their possible levels. Output price inflation across economies as cyclical factors recede and service activity rates approach normalcy is hampering progress toward slowing inflation, making it difficult to restore normal monetary policy. This has increased the risk of inflation overshooting its expected levels, and thus increased the likelihood of higher interest rates for much longer, in a context of growing trade turmoil and increased policy uncertainty. To manage these risks and sustain growth, the necessary policy mix should be carefully sequenced to achieve price stability and offset the decline in buffers.